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The Genetics of Life and Death: Virus-Host Interactions Underpinning Resistance to African Swine Fever, a Viral Hemorrhagic Disease
Conclusion and Future Perspectives The mechanisms which result in reduced viral replication and lack of disease in African wild suids after ASFV infection are largely unknown. The data so far indicate that this is not due to an intrinsic difference in the ability of the virus to replicate in macrophages from these hosts. A more likely explanation is that the innate immune system of these hosts is better able to control virus replication resulting in a reduced systemic infection and reduced pathogenesis. This may involve a balance between virus and host factors which has evolved over long term infections of these hosts. Se...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Swine flu jab narcolepsy risk is very small
Conclusion This study confirms that the Pandemrix vaccine against swine flu is associated with a very small risk of narcolepsy in children and young people. As the authors point out, this risk may have been overestimated if children with narcolepsy who had been vaccinated were more rapidly referred than others because of increased awareness of the link. The methods used were practical for a rapid assessment of risk, but as this was essentially a case series analysis they are limited by a number of factors: The rates calculated are dependent on the accurate diagnosis and identification of the cases of narcolepsy. By usin...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medication Medical practice Swine flu Source Type: news

Flu Season Now As Bad As 2009 Swine Flu
NEW YORK (AP) — The flu has further tightened its grip on the U.S. This season is now as bad as the swine flu epidemic nine years ago. A government report out Friday shows 1 of every 13 visits to the doctor last week was for fever, cough and other symptoms of the flu. That ties the highest level seen in the U.S. during swine flu in 2009. And it surpasses every winter flu season since 2003, when the government changed the way it measures flu. “I wish that there were better news this week, but almost everything we’re looking at is bad news,” said Dr. Anne Schuchat, acting director of the Centers for Disea...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - February 9, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health Local News Flu Swine Flu Source Type: news

HA1-2-fljB Vaccine Induces Immune Responses against Pandemic Swine-Origin H1N1 Influenza Virus in Mice
In 2009, a novel pandemic swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus caused a public emergency of international concern. Vaccination is the primary strategy for the control of influenza epidemics. However, the poor immunopotency of many vaccine antigens is a major barrier to the development of effective vaccines against influenza. Flagellin, a Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) ligand, has been used as an adjuvant to enhance the immunopotency of vaccines in preclinical studies. Here, we developed a recombinant candidate vaccine, HA1-2-fljB, in which the globular head of the hemagglutinin (HA) antigen (residues 62-284) from H1N1 virus ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology - October 7, 2016 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Swine flu reaches 'epidemic' proportions in St Petersburg
Dozens have died in a seasonal outbreak of the killer flu virus sweeping across former Soviet countries
Source: The Telegraph : Swine Flu A H1N1 - January 25, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Russia St Petersburg Ukraine Moscow Soviet swine flu vaccine eastern Ukraine swine flu Source Type: news

World Briefing: Iran: Deadly Swine Flu Outbreak Is Likely to Spread, Official Warns
At least 33 people have died from a swine flu virus outbreak in two provinces of southwestern Iran in the past three weeks.
Source: NYT Health - December 8, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: RICK GLADSTONE Tags: Epidemics Iran Swine Influenza Source Type: news

As Swine Fever Roils Asia, Hogs Are Culled and Dinner Plans Change
An African swine fever outbreak that had been centered in China is rapidly spreading to neighboring countries, pushing up prices of pork, a staple in many Asian nations.
Source: NYT Health - May 14, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: MIKE IVES and KATHERINE LI Tags: Pigs Pork Livestock Diseases African Swine Fever Meat Epidemics Rabobank University of Hong Kong Phuc, Nguyen Xuan Far East, South and Southeast Asia and Pacific Areas Cambodia Mongolia Vietnam Source Type: news

A Review of the Current Status of Relevant Zoonotic Pathogens in Wild Swine (Sus scrofa) Populations: Changes Modulating the Risk of Transmission to Humans
Summary Many wild swine populations in different parts of the World have experienced an unprecedented demographic explosion that may result in increased exposure of humans to wild swine zoonotic pathogens. Interactions between humans and wild swine leading to pathogen transmission could come from different ways, being hunters and game professionals the most exposed to acquiring infections from wild swine. However, increasing human settlements in semi‐natural areas, outdoor activities, socio‐economic changes and food habits may increase the rate of exposure to wild swine zoonotic pathogens and to potentially emerging pa...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - May 8, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: F. Ruiz‐Fons Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Stage of Gestation at Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection of Pregnant Swine Impacts Maternal Immunity and Lactogenic Immune Protection of Neonatal Suckling Piglets
In this study, we infected pregnant first parity gilts in their first, second and third trimesters of gestation with PEDV to determine the impact of stage of gestation on generation of maternal B-cell immunity, the gut-MG-sIgA axis and lactogenic immune protection in PEDV challenged piglets. Our goal was to identify innate and adaptive immune factors during pregnancy that influence lymphocyte trafficking, in addition to immune correlates of lactogenic immune protection in neonatal suckling piglets. Understanding the impact of stage of gestation at PEDV infection or exposure on maternal immunity will allow more precise mate...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

One‐Health Simulation Modelling: A Case Study of Influenza Spread between Human and Swine Populations using NAADSM
Summary The circulation of zoonotic influenza A viruses including pH1N1 2009 and H5N1 continue to present a constant threat to animal and human populations. Recently, an H3N2 variant spread from pigs to humans and between humans in limited numbers. Accordingly, this research investigated a range of scenarios of the transmission dynamics of pH1N1 2009 virus at the swine–human interface while accounting for different percentages of swine workers initially immune. Furthermore, the feasibility of using NAADSM (North American Animal Disease Spread Model) applied as a one‐health simulation model was assessed. The study popul...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - March 24, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. Dorjee, C. W. Revie, Z. Poljak, W. B. McNab, J. Sanchez Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Serological and molecular investigation of porcine sapovirus infection in piglets in Xinjiang, China
This study provided the useful epidemiological data for scientific control and prevention of this disease.
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - February 22, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Seroepidemiology and molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus infection in swine and occupationally exposed workers in Punjab, India
This study was designed to investigate seroprevalence, molecular detection and the characterization of HEV by nested RT‐PCR in swine as well as the occupational risk to exposed human population in Punjab state of north‐western India. The occupational risk‐exposed group comprised of swine farmers (organized – mixed feed feeders and unorganized – swill feeders), slaughterhouse workers, sewage workers and veterinary internes. During the study period, blood and faecal samples were collected from 320 swine and 360 humans with both high and low occupational exposure risks. The overall seroprevalence of swine HEV was 65...
Source: Zoonoses and Public Health - April 28, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: M. Bansal, S. Kaur, D. Deka, R. Singh, J. P. S. Gill Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Spatial epidemiology of African swine fever: host, landscape and anthropogenic drivers of disease occurrence in wild boar
Publication date: Available online 15 May 2019Source: Preventive Veterinary MedicineAuthor(s): Tomasz Podgórski, Tomasz Borowik, Magdalena Łyjak, Grzegorz WoźniakowskiAbstractHost abundance and landscape structure often interact to shape spatial patterns of many wildlife diseases. Emergence, spread, and persistence of African swine fever (ASF) among wild boar in eastern Europe has raised questions on the factors underlying ASF dynamics in this novel host-pathogen system. This work identifies drivers of ASF occurrence in natural wild boar population. We evaluated factors shaping the probability of ASF-postitive wild boar...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - May 16, 2019 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

TWiV 582: This little virus went to market
TWiV provides updates on the new coronavirus causing respiratory disease in China, the current influenza season, and the epidemic of African swine fever, including determination of the three-dimensional structure of the virus particle. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Download TWiV 582 (71 MB .mp3, 118 min) Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASV 2020 NJ ready to remove religious vaccine exemptions (Patch) New virus causing pneumonia in China (NY Times) New China virus is coronavirus (NY ...
Source: This Week in Virology - MP3 Edition - January 12, 2020 Category: Virology Authors: Vincent Racaniello Source Type: podcasts

Financial Impacts of Priority Swine Diseases to Pig Farmers in Red River and Mekong River Delta, Vietnam
Summary A study was conducted between May 2013 and August 2014 in three provinces of Vietnam to investigate financial impacts of swine diseases in pig holdings in 2010–2013. The aim of the study was to quantify the costs of swine diseases at producer level in order to understand swine disease priority for monitoring at local level. Financial impacts of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), foot and mouth disease (FMD), and epidemic diarrhoea were assessed for 162 pig holders in two Red River Delta provinces and in one Mekong River Delta province, using data on pig production and swine disease outbreaks at...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - February 29, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: H. T. T. Pham, N. Antoine‐Moussiaux, V. Grosbois, N. Moula, B. D. Truong, T. D. Phan, T. D. Vu, T. Q. Trinh, C. C. Vu, T. Rukkwamsuk, M. Peyre Tags: Original Article Source Type: research